Pectin is fruit fibre used to gel jams and gummies. It is plant-based and a standard halal alternative to gelatin.
Pectin (E440) is extracted mainly from citrus peel or apple pomace after juicing. It is a soluble fibre that gels in sugar-acid systems — the reason homemade jam sets.
Gelatin is animal. Pectin is not. Halal-certified and vegan gummies almost always list pectin (sometimes with agar or starch) instead of gelatin. Seeing "pectin" on a sweet is a positive signal, but still confirm gelatin is not also listed.
Retail pectin often includes dextrose as a filler and citrate to control pH. Those carriers are plant or mineral. "Jam sugar" is sugar pre-blended with pectin — still plant-based.
Colours (including carmine), glazing agents and flavourings are independent of the gel. A pectin gummy can still be doubtful for colour reasons even when the gel itself is fine.
Pectin sets differently from gelatin (needs sugar and acid; does not melt the same way in the mouth). For halal dessert work it is one of the three main plant gels alongside agar and carrageenan.
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